02.04 Structure Charts Abstraction And Refinement - Quiz

Check your understanding

1. What is abstraction in software design?

   • Making code as complex as possible
   • Focusing on what something does rather than how it does it { data-correct }
   • Writing very detailed documentation
   • Using abstract data types only

2. Which design approach starts with the big picture and breaks it into smaller pieces?

   • Bottom-up design
   • Top-down design { data-correct }
   • Inside-out design
   • Random design

3. What is a major advantage of bottom-up design?

   • Always provides complete system overview
   • Guarantees all requirements are met
   • Builds on proven, working components { data-correct }
   • Eliminates the need for testing

4. What do structure charts primarily show?

   • The sequence of algorithm steps
   • The hierarchy and data flow between modules { data-correct }
   • The user interface design
   • The database schema

5. In stepwise refinement, what happens at each step?

   • The entire solution is rewritten
   • More detail is gradually added to the solution { data-correct }
   • Previous steps are discarded
   • Only the user interface is refined

6. Which principle states that each module should do one thing well?

   • High coupling
   • Low cohesion
   • Single responsibility { data-correct }
   • Multiple inheritance

7. What does “high cohesion” mean in module design?

   • Modules are tightly connected to each other
   • Everything within a module is closely related { data-correct }
   • Modules share many variables
   • Modules call each other frequently

8. Consider this high-level algorithm:

   ALGORITHM GradeProcessor
   BEGIN
       Read student data
       Calculate grades
       Generate reports
   END
   

   What would be the next step in stepwise refinement?

   • Write the complete Python code
   • Break each major step into more detailed sub-steps { data-correct }
   • Create a user interface
   • Test the algorithm

9. Which of these is an example of poor module design?

   • ValidateEmailAddress(email) → boolean
   • CalculateGPA(grades) → gpa_value
   • DoEverything() → various_results { data-correct }
   • FormatCurrency(amount) → formatted_string

10. What is the main benefit of modular design?

    • It makes programs run faster
    • It eliminates the need for documentation
    • It enables independent development and testing of components { data-correct }
    • It reduces the amount of code needed

11. In a library management system, which modules would likely be at the same level in a structure chart?

    • “Main Program” and “Display Menu”
    • “Book Borrowing”, “Book Returns”, and “Generate Reports” { data-correct }
    • “Validate User” and “Main Program”
    • “Database Connection” and “User Interface“

12. What does “low coupling” mean in module design?

    • Modules should share as many variables as possible
    • Modules should be as independent as possible { data-correct }
    • Modules should call each other frequently
    • Modules should have similar functionality

13. Which approach would be best for creating a text editor using existing libraries for file operations, text formatting, and user interface?

    • Top-down design only
    • Bottom-up design only
    • Hybrid approach starting bottom-up { data-correct }
    • Random component assembly

14. Complete this refinement step:

    Step 1: Process student enrollment
    Step 2: ________________________________
    Step 3: - Validate student information
            - Check course availability  
            - Verify prerequisites
            - Update enrollment records
    

    • Write the complete code
    • Get student details; Check course requirements; Confirm enrollment { data-correct }
    • Create user interface; Design database; Test system
    • Deploy system; Train users; Monitor performance